The basic forming processes used in metal stamping to produce parts include the following:
Blanking: In blanking, a flat sheet of metal is cut into a desired shape or outline, typically a simple geometric shape like a circle or rectangle. The resulting piece is called a blank, which serves as the starting material for further stamping operations.
Piercing: Piercing is a process in which a hole or multiple holes are created in a metal sheet or blank. It involves the removal of a portion of the material to form the hole, using a punch and die set. Piercing can be performed in conjunction with other operations or as a standalone process.
Bending: Bending is the process of deforming a metal sheet or strip along a straight axis to achieve a desired angle or shape. It is typically achieved using a punch and die set, where the sheet is forced into the die cavity to create the desired bend.
Drawing: Drawing is a process used to form flat sheet metal into a three-dimensional shape, such as a cup or a cylindrical container. It involves pulling the sheet metal into a die cavity using a punch, causing the material to stretch and take on the shape of the die.
Embossing: Embossing is a decorative or functional process where a pattern or design is formed on the surface of a metal part. It involves pressing the metal between a male and female die set, creating a raised or recessed design on the sheet.
Coining: Coining is a process used to form intricate features or precise details on a metal part. It involves compressing the metal between two dies under high pressure, resulting in a highly accurate and defined shape.
These are some of the basic forming processes used in metal stamping. Depending on the complexity of the part and the desired outcome, additional processes such as deep drawing, flanging, hemming, and more can be employed in metal stamping operations.